EXPLORATION OF VARIABLES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE RATE OF DROPPING OUT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL (A CASE STUDY OF ORHIONMWON LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA EDO STATE)

EXPLORATION OF VARIABLES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE RATE OF DROPPING OUT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL (A CASE STUDY OF ORHIONMWON LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA EDO STATE)

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Secondary education is the transitional period between primary and secondary education. It strives to equip youngsters for productive lives in society while also preparing them for higher education. The national education policy (1981) splits secondary school into junior secondary (JSS) and senior secondary (SSS), with each stage lasting three years. Junior secondary school lasts three years and is similar to elementary school in that it is both vocational and academic. The senior high school curriculum, on the other hand, is diverse. Students at this level, according to Berktold, Geis,  & Kaufman (2018), are divided into science inclined, art inclined, commercial topics oriented teacher, training inclined, and technical subjects oriented. Despite the numerous professional prospects available to pupils in the senior high school curriculum, kids are dropping out, particularly in Evboesi districts of Edo State.

Secondary schools are being shuttered due to environmental concerns. Statistics on student environments in defunct Bendel state post primary schools, which are entirely available at the ministry of education, demonstrate that the population of students in senior secondary school is declining. Another sign of deterioration in the senior secondary school environment is the current strategy implemented by the West African Examination Council (WAEC), in which schools with a large number of pupils for the senior school certificate examinations are gathered together to establish a single centre. Many pupils who had applied for admission to senior secondary school had withdrawn early and dropped out before graduation for one or two reasons. Concerns about interests are among the causes responsible for this unexpected departure. To begin with, the country's present economic crisis has left many graduates but from secondary school and institutes of higher learning unemployed.

According to Gerald Bernbanu (2019), for those who had previously looked to educational expansion to eliminate social and economic inequities and enhance economic performance, going to school was still viewed as the most certain method to gainfully employ, particularly in the public sector. Because majority of our graduates are unemployed at all levels of our educational institutions, contemporary senior secondary pupils perceive school as a waste of time. The argument being made here is that because school leavers and graduates of higher institutions do not earn a living in the public or private sectors of the economy, students are no longer encouraged to continue their education past the senior secondary level (SSS). The government also adds to the dropout rate from secondary school by imposing tuition fees, which many parents cannot pay in light of the country's current economic situation. Even when many of them have struggled to pay tuition, final housing expenses are frequently exorbitant. Early marriage is another factor that causes kids to drop out of senior secondary school. It has been suggested that many girls dropped out of school because their parents wanted them to marry, while others dropped out due to unexpected pregnancies that drove them into early marriage. Some students who had previously enrolled in the senior secondary class had dropped out owing to a shift in professional objectives. Carpentry, tailoring, hairdressing, and other sorts of vocational training have been pursued by some. Parental attitudes, level of education, family size, and socioeconomic position all contribute to the rate of senior secondary school dropout.

According to Oraemesi (2017), parents no longer encourage their children to pursue secondary education. One reason for this is that education no longer yields economic benefits, whereas investing the same number of years and funds budgeted for education in trade or business yields a greater profit. A significant proportion of kids drop out of senior secondary school due to their parents' low socioeconomic level. The country's severe economic crisis has impoverished many families, leaving them unable to pay school fees, uniforms, and books for their children. These and other issues confronting students and parents have left them disillusioned with what formal education can provide them, prompting them to drop out of senior secondary school.

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